What principle of management did Henri Fayol emphasize concerning managerial authority?

Henri Fayol emphasized that managers must have the authority to issue orders to subordinates as a fundamental principle of management. This principle is rooted in the belief that managerial authority is essential for effective leadership and coordination within an organization. Fayol argued that authority entails not only the right to command but also the responsibility that comes with holding a position of leadership.

In his administrative theory, Fayol outlined that with authority comes the ability to guide and direct the efforts of team members towards achieving organizational goals. This means that managers should be positioned to make decisions, give instructions, and ensure that tasks are completed effectively. When managers hold the appropriate level of authority, they can foster a more organized and productive work environment, enabling the alignment of individual roles with the larger objectives of the organization.

The other options reflect ideas that do not align with Fayol's views on effective management. For instance, avoiding directiveness or granting final decision-making power to subordinates could undermine a manager's role in leading their team and achieving cohesive and coordinated action. Therefore, the principle that managers must have the authority to issue orders is central to Fayol's philosophy on managerial practice and organizational structure.